NREMT® Paramedic > EMT-P (3) Trauma > Face and Neck Trauma > Flashcards

Face and Neck Trauma Flashcards

Learn the different interventions and causes of Face and Neck trauma (38 cards)

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1
Q

Describe the process of a blowout fracture.

A
  • Fracture to the orbital floor.
  • Results in forces away from the eyeball itself.
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2
Q

Fill in the blanks:

The _____ _____ decrease the weight of the skull and provide resonance for voice.

A

paranasal sinuses

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3
Q

Fill in the blanks:

The ____ ____ floats in the superior aspect of the neck just below the mandible.

A

hyoid bone

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4
Q

Define:

sclera

A

White of the eyes.

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5
Q

Define:

cornea

A

Transparent covering of the eye.

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6
Q

Define:

conjuctiva

A

Covers sclera and internal surfaces of eye.

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7
Q

Define:

iris

A

Color of the eye.

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8
Q

True or false.

Maxilla fracture is a fracture of the bottom jaw.

A

False

The Maxilla is the top jaw.

Think: MAX = Toped out

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9
Q

What substance is the anterior chamber of the eye filled with?

A

aqueous humor

A clear watery fluid between lens and the cornea.

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10
Q

What substance is the posterior chamber of the eye filled with?

A

vitreous humor

A jellylike substance that maintains shape of eye.

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11
Q

What are the three parts of the ear?

A
  1. External
  2. Middle
  3. Internal
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12
Q

Define:

pinna

A

Outside cartilage of ear.

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13
Q

Define:

cochlea

A

A snail-shaped structure in the inner ear that converts vibrations into nerve impulses for hearing.

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14
Q

Define:

flexion injuries

A

Neck moving forward in collision.

A more prevalent cause of injury is that collars prevent movement downward.

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15
Q

What cervical vertebrae is responsible for the diaphragm/breathing of a patient?

A

C5

Keeps the diaphragm alive.

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16
Q

Define:

diplopia

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A

double vision

17
Q

Define

hyphema

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A

Bleeding into anterior chamber of the eye.

18
Q

Define:

retinal detachment

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A

Separation of the inner layers of retina.

19
Q

Define:

sympathetic eye movement

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A

Movement of both eyes in unison.

Importance of covering both eyes during injury.

20
Q

How can you test a cerebral spinal fluid?

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A

Use a glucometer to check for glucose in the fluid; use the HALO test to detect CSF mixed with blood.

21
Q

Treatment:

Avulsion of Pinna

Study These Flashcards
A

Realign the ear and bandage with moist, sterile dressing.

22
Q

How many teeth does the adult have?

23
Q

What is the function of the hypoglossal nerve?

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A

Motor function to the tongue muscles.

24
Q

Describe the three types of Le Forte fractures.

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A

Le Fort I: Fracture of maxilla with hard palate and inferior maxilla involvement.

Le Fort II: Fracture with a pyramid shape, nasal bone, and inferior maxilla involvement.

Le Fort III: Separates entire midface from the cranium.

25
# Treatment: Facial Trauma
* C spine * Jaw-Thrust Maneuver (airway) * Consider CRIC if unable to intubate
26
# Define: conjunctivitis
Inflammation of the conjunctiva. ## Footnote Typically caused by an infection or foreign bodies.
27
What are the **signs/symptoms** of **retinal detachment**?
* flashing * light specks * “floaters” in vision ## Footnote Typically found in boxing and sports injuries.
28
# Treatment: **chemical burns** to the **eye**
Irrigation of the eye with water/normal saline.
29
# Treatment: avulsion of eyeball
* Never exert pressure or attempt to reposition globe out of socket. * Apply moist sterile dressing. * Cover injured eye and unaffected eye.
30
# Treatment: **impaled object** in the **eye**
* stabilize * cover the unaffected eye
31
What are the **four** ways to **irrigate the eye**?
1. nasal cannula 2. shower 3. bottle 4. basin
32
What do you do with an **avulsed tooth**?
Place in **sterile saline solution or cold milk**.
33
What is the cause of **esophageal perforation**?
* endoscopy * trauma * forceful vomiting
34
# Define: dysphagia
difficulty swallowing
35
# Fill in the blanks: **Open neck wounds** should be covered with an \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_.
occlusive dressing
36
# Define: sprain
stretching of ligament
37
# Define: strain
stretching of tendon/muscle
38
What are the **NEXUS criteria** for possible spinal injury?
* spinal tenderness * focal neurological deficit * decreased LOC * intoxication ## Footnote If one of the above is present, the risk of spinal Injury increases. All 5 criteria must be **absent** to clinically clear the cervical spine.
EMT-P (3) Trauma
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