What is the leading cause of death in people ages 1 - 44 years old?
trauma
How is the abdomen divided into sections?
4 Quadrants
What organs are in the peritoneal space of the abdomen?
- Diaphragm
- Liver
- Spleen
- Stomach
- Pelvic/peritoneal border
- Gallbladder
- Transverse colon
- Small bowel
- Female reproductive organs
What organs are in the retroperitoneal space in the abdomen?
- Abdominal Aorta
- Inferior Vena Cava
- Pancreas
- Kidneys
- Ureters
- Duodenum
What are the examples of solid organs?
- Pancreas
- Liver
- Spleen
What are the examples of hollow organs?
- Stomach
- Gallbladder
- Small/Large intestines
Fill in the blank:
The first part of the small intestine is the ________.
duodenum
What is the function of the gallbladder?
stores bile
What is the function of the liver?
Metabolizes and breaks down drugs and nutrients.
What is the function of the spleen?
Filters blood and helps to fight invading organisms.
What is the function of the large intestine?
Absorbs water and electrolytes to form solid stool.
What is the function of the small intestine?
Absorbs nutrients and digests food.
What are the organs of the genitourinary system?
- Kidneys
- Bladder
- Ureters
What organ separates the stomach from the duodenum?
pyloric sphincter
Define:
peritonitis
Inflammation of the peritoneum.
It is the lining of the abdomen.
Define:
evisceration
When the abdominal organs are able to protrude to the outside environment.
Treatment:
evisceration
- Do not place organs back in the abdominal cavity.
- Cover exposed organs with saline-soaked dressing.
What are some of the suspicions for liver injury?
- RUQ trauma
- Right-sided chest trauma
- Fracture to 7th and 9th ribs
- Sudden deceleration forces
What are some of the suspicions for spleen injuries?
- LUQ trauma
- 9th or 10th rib fractures
- Referred left shoulder pain (Kehr’s Sign)
What are some of the suspicions for pancreas injuries?
- unrestrained driver
- retroperitoneal injury
List
What are some of the suspicions for diaphragm injuries?
- Lateral MVC impact
- Unrestrained drivers in MVA
Define:
Kehr’s Sign
Referred left shoulder pain indicative of splenic injury.
Define:
hematuria
Blood in the urine.
Assessment:
abdominal trauma
- DCAP-BTLS
- palpation
- distention
- rigidity
- discoloration
- percussion of hollow organs
- presence of hematuria or dark-colored urine
