NREMT® Paramedic > EMT-P (3) Trauma > Orthopedic Trauma > Flashcards

Orthopedic Trauma Flashcards

Learn the different interventions and causes of Orthopedic Trauma (39 cards)

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1
Q

Define:

tendons

A

It connects the muscles to the bones.

MTB: Muscles-To-Bones

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2
Q

Define:

hematopoiesis

A

The generation of blood cells.

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3
Q

What is the axial skeleton composed of?

A
  • Spine
  • Skull
  • Ribs
  • Sternum
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4
Q

What is the appendicular skeleton composed of?

A
  • Extremities
  • Pelvis
  • Clavicles
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5
Q

What are the three regions of the long bone?

A
  • Diaphysis
  • Epiphysis
  • Metaphysis
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6
Q

What is the function of the cartilage?

A

To provide a cushion to the bones from wear and tear.

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7
Q

What is found within the red marrow and yellow marrow of the bones?

A
  • red: Red Blood Cell production
  • yellow: fats and nutrients
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8
Q

Name the three types of joints.

A
  • Fibrous
  • Cartilaginous
  • Synovial
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9
Q

Define:

ligament

A

It connects the bone to another bone.

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10
Q

Define:

Pathological Fracture

A

A fracture caused by a medical condition/disease that weakens the bone.

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11
Q

What are the different types of fracture classification?

A
  • Transverse
  • Spiral
  • Oblique
  • Comminuted
  • Greenstick
  • Compression
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12
Q

Define:

compound or open fracture

A

A fracture that causes a disruption of the skin.

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13
Q

What are the signs/symptoms of a fracture?

A
  • deformity
  • shortening
  • swelling
  • guarding
  • tenderness
  • crepitus
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14
Q

Define:

crepitus

A

Crunching sounds often heard or felt when palpating.

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15
Q

Define:

dislocation

A

A bone separated from its joint.

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16
Q

Define:

Subluxation

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A

partial dislocation

17
Q

Define:

sprain

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A

The stretching/tearing of ligaments.

18
Q

Define:

strain

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A

Muscle and/or tendon injury from stretching.

19
Q

What are the 6 P’s of a musculoskeletal assessment?

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A
  • Pain
  • Paralysis
  • Paresthesia
  • Pulselessness
  • Pallor
  • Pressure
20
Q

How do you assess an extremity for perfusion and function?

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A

PMS:

  • Pulse
  • Motor
  • Sensory
21
Q

What is the potential blood loss in pelvic injury?

22
Q

What is the potential blood loss in femur injury?

23
Q

What is the potential blood loss in humerus and tibia/fibula injuries?

24
Q

What are some ways to control pain in a musculoskeletal injury?

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A
  • splint
  • cold/hot compress
  • medication
25
# Fill in the blanks: When splinting you must check the **PMS** \_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_ applying the splint.
before, after
26
What are the **types** of **splints**?
* Rigid * Sling and Swathe * Pneumatic * Vacuum * Traction * Pillow * Buddy
26
What are some complications in using a **pneumatic splint**?
under or over inflation
27
What are the indications of a **traction splint**?
* closed femur fracture * mid shaft * _no_ ankle/pelvic involvement * _no_ distal long bone fracture
28
How far should a **traction splint** extend **beyond the foot**?
6-10''
29
# Define: Devascularization
The **loss of blood flow** after a fracture due to the **trauma of the surrounding vessels**.
30
# Treatment: **fractures** in the **shoulder region**
sling and swathe
31
# Treatment: mid-shaft humerus fracture
* Apply longitudinal traction if compromised PMS * Splint joint above, joint below * Sling and swathe arm to chest
32
# Define: Boxer's fracture
Fracture of the **5th metacarpal bone**, typically near the neck of the bone. ## Footnote It is common after punching an object.
33
# Treatment: fractures of the **hand and/or wrist**
* Place the hand in a POC. * Have the patient hold a roll of gauze to maintain a natural hand position. * Splint the joints above and below the fracture site.
34
What is of **concern** with **pelvic fractures**?
blood loss
35
# Treatment: pelvic fracture
* pelvic binder * scoop stretcher
36
# Treatment: femur fractures
Use a **traction device** if no contraindication.
37
What are the **key assessment signs** of an **Achilles tendon rupture**?
**Pain from the heel to the calf** and inability to flex the foot.
38
# Define: Arthritis
Inflammation of a joint.
EMT-P (3) Trauma
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