NREMT® Paramedic > EMT-P (4) Medical > EENT Emergencies > Flashcards

EENT Emergencies Flashcards

Explore the Eyes, Ears, Nose and Throat and the prehospital emergencies within (49 cards)

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1
Q
  • What cranial nerve is the oculomotor nerve?
  • What is its function?
A
  • III
  • Controls eye movement.
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2
Q
  • What is the sclera?
  • What is its function?
A
  • The sclera is the white part of the eye.
  • It maintains the eye’s shape.
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3
Q
  • What is the cornea?
  • What is its function?
A
  • The cornea is the transparent anterior portion of the eye.
  • It focuses light.
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4
Q

Define:

conjunctiva

A

Mucous membrane that covers sclera.

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5
Q

Define:

iris

A

Colored part of the eye.

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6
Q
  • What is the pupil?
  • What is its function?
A
  • The pupil is the circular opening that opens inside the iris.
  • It dilates to let more light inside.
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7
Q
  • What is the lens?
  • What is its function?
A
  • The lens is a transparent structure inside the eye.
  • It focuses light on the retina.
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8
Q

What is the function of the retina?

A

Receives light and converts it to nerve signals.

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9
Q

Define:

aqueous humor

A

Clear, watery fluid in eye.

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10
Q

Define:

vitreous humor

A

Jelly-like substance that maintains the shape of the globe.

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11
Q

Define:

central vision

A

Visualization of objects directly in front of you.

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12
Q

Define:

peripheral vision

A

Visualization of lateral objects when looking forward.

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13
Q

What is the function of the lacrimal apparatus?

A

Secretes and drains tears from the eye.

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14
Q

What is the purpose of the nasolacrimal duct?

A

Drains tears from lacrimal gland.

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15
Q

Define:

dysconjugate gaze

A

Lack of coordination between the movement of both eyes.

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16
Q

Treatment:

Chemical burns to the eye.

A

Irrigate for 5-20 minutes.

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17
Q

Define:

Morgan Lens

A

Eye device used for constant irrigation.

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18
Q

In what situation would you remove contact lenses from the eye?

A

If it is a chemical burn.

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19
Q

Define:

conjunctivitis

A

Inflammation of the conjunctiva.

Otherwise known as pink eye.

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20
Q

Treatment:

corneal abrasion

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A

Irrigate and consider taping the eyelid closed to prevent further injury.

21
Q

Define:

photophobia

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A

Sensitivity to light.

22
Q

Fill in the blank:

Glaucoma is caused by ______ (increased, decreased) intraocular pressure within the eye.

23
Q

Fill in the blank:

Bleeding into the anterior portion of the eye from trauma is called _______.

24
Q

What is the primary cause of retinal detachment?

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A

Trauma

Such as sports injuries (e.g., boxing).

25
What are the **three main functions** of the **ear**?
1. hearing 2. balance 3. orientation
26
# Treatment: **Foreign body** in the ear.
* Do not remove. * Stabilize.
27
What is **cerumen**?
earwax
28
# Define: labyrinthitis
Feeling of **vertigo/loss of balance**. ## Footnote Residual effects from an ear infection.
29
# Define: Ménière's Disease
An inner ear disorder caused by a rupture that leads to **increased pressure** in the **cochlear** duct. ## Footnote Causes tinnitus and vertigo.
30
# Define: otitis
An **infection** of the ear, typically caused by **bacteria or viruses**.
31
What are the **three functions** of the **nose?**
1. filter 2. humidify 3. heat
32
# Define: anosmia
Loss of **smell**.
33
# Define: dysosmia
**Distorted** sense of smell.
34
# Define: hyperosmia
**Increased** sensitivity to smell.
35
# Define: hyposmia
**Decreased** **sensitivity** to smell.
36
What is the function of **turbinates**?
**Humidifies air** as it passes over.
37
What is the purpose of the **paranasal sinuses**?
* **Decrease the weight** of the skull. * Provide **resonance** for the voice.
38
# Define: epistaxis
Nosebleed
39
# Define: rhinitis
**Inflammation of the nasal mucosa**, commonly causing a runny nose.
40
# Define: mastication
Act of **chewing**.
41
What is the function of the **hypoglossal nerve**? | Cranial Nerve XII
Provides **motor function** to the **tongue**.
42
What is the function of the **glossopharyngeal nerve**? | Cranial Nerve IX
Provides **taste** sensation.
43
# Define: dentalgia
toothache
44
# Define: thrush
**Fungal infection** of the tongue and mouth, typically caused by *Candida albicans*.
45
# Treatment: Foreign body in the mouth.
**Keep patient leaning forward** to allow gravity to assist with expulsion.
46
# Define: Epiglottitis
Inflammation of **epiglottis**.
47
# Define: Tonsillitis
**Inflammation of the tonsils**, most commonly due to a **viral infection**.
48
# Assessment: Epiglottitis
* Drooling * Dysphagia * Stridor * Respiratory distress * Tripod position
49
# Treatment: Epiglottitis
* Do **not** assess the **oropharynx**. * Let patient assume a comfortable position. * Administer humidified oxygen *if needed*.
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