5A2 Reproductive Strategies and Population Growth Flashcards

The movement of organisms from their place of origin to new areas, which may result in colonization.

It can occur through passive means such as wind or water.

• Barnacles use internal fertilization and release larvae that swim to new locations
• Corals typically rely on synchronized external spawning, allowing gametes to drift and fertilize in open water.

Some release seeds or spores to be carried long distances by wind and air currents, while others rely on animals to spread their seeds.

• Dispersal refers to the actual process by which organisms spread.
• Dispersion describes the pattern in which organisms are already spread within a population.

• Uniform
• Clumped
• Random

Organisms equally distanced from each other in an orderly pattern, typically the result of intraspecific competition.

Organisms crowding near one another, usually the result of crowding around pockets of available resources.

When organisms exist without a specific observable pattern, often due to ample resources and little competition.

• It is the process of breaking up large habitats into smaller, isolated pieces.
• It affects dispersal, immigration, colonization, and populations by limiting movement, gene flow, and access to resources.

The establishment of a population in a new area.

The movement of individuals into a population or area.

If immigration occurs in an area not already occupied by that species, it can result in colonization, where the organism starts a population in a new habitat.

• It is the study of the distribution and abundance of species on islands.
• It provides insights into species diversity, extinction rates, and colonization patterns.

The size of the habitat and the distance from a source of species.

The theory predicts that larger islands and islands closer to the mainland will have greater species diversity than smaller islands or those further away from the mainland.

It serves as a basis for predicting species diversity on islands and has inspired other ecologists to develop more complex theories related to species diversity, colonization, and population survival.

It represents the balance between colonization and extinction and predicts the number of species that can be found on the island.

They reproduce rapidly and in large numbers, leading to population booms and crashes. They have short lifespans and minimal parental care.