WSET® Level 4 D4 Sparkling Wine > D4 Sparkling: Lambrusco > Flashcards

D4 Sparkling: Lambrusco Flashcards

Examines the region, grapes, method of production, and styles of Lambrusco. (38 cards)

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1
Q

In which region of Italy is Lambrusco made?

A

Emilia-Romagna

(central Italy)

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2
Q

What is the climate of Lambrusco growing areas?

A

Warm and Semi-Continental with adequate rainfall (735mm)

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3
Q

Is irrigation permissible in Lambrusco regions?

A

Yes

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4
Q

What are the soils where Lambrusco is grown?

Are they fertile or poor?

A
  • Alluvial, predominantly clay + silt: prone to compaction but good water retention.
  • Fertile, which results in high yields.
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5
Q

Name two environmental threats that consistently afflict the growing areas of Lambrusco.

A
  1. Humidity
  2. Grapevine yellows

Humidity can lead to fungal disease.

Grapevine yellows is a group of bacterial diseases for which there is no control (know the most common in Europe, flavescence dorée).

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6
Q

Which of the three Lambrusco varieties is the most widely planted?

A

Lambrusco Salamino

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7
Q

What is the general profile of Lambrusco Salamino?

A
  • Perfumed
  • Deeply colored
  • Full body
  • Medium+ tannins
  • High acidity
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8
Q

What are the requirements for Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce DOC?

A
  • Minimum of 85% Lambrusco Salamino
  • Maximum yield of 133 hL/ha
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9
Q

Lambrusco Grasparossa:

  • On what soil does it grow best?
  • Is it grown mostly on hillsides or the valley floor?
A

Grows best on clay + silt, grown mostly on hillsides.

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10
Q

What is the general profile of Lambrusco Grasparossa?

A
  • Deeply coloured
  • Full body
  • Structured
  • High tannins
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11
Q

What are the requirements for Lambrusco Grasparossa di Castelvetro DOC?

A
  • Minimum of 85% Lambrusco Grasparossa
  • Maximum yield of 126 hL/ha
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12
Q

What is the general profile of Lambrusco di Sorbara (both the grape and the DOC)?

A
  • Pale
  • Light body
  • High acidity
  • Medium+ tannins
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13
Q

What are the requirements for Lambrusco di Sorbara DOC?

A
  • Minimum of 60% Lambrusco di Sorbara
  • Maximum yield of 126 hL/ha
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14
Q

Lambrusco di Modena DOC (also called Modena DOC):

  • What are the maximum yields?
  • What are the grapes?
A
  • Maximum yield of 161 hL/ha (high! This can lead to low fruit intensity and low prices)
  • Several Lambrusco varieties permitted
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15
Q

Reggiano Lambrusco DOC:

  • What are the maximum yields?
  • What are the grapes?
A
  • Maximum yield of 126 hL/ha
  • Several different Lambrusco varieties permitted
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16
Q

What is the name of the IGT that can be used for spumante and frizzante wines made from Lambrusco varieties?

17
Q

How long are most Lambrusco grapes macerated to obtain that deep purple color?

Why?

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A
  • 1-2 days for most Lambruscos
  • The shorter maceration extracts anthocyanins but not as many tannins.
18
Q

How long is Lambrusco Grasparossa macerated?

Why?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • 3-4 days for Grasparossa
  • Helps increase structure and body
19
Q

Does Lambrusco usually go through malolactic conversion or is malo usually blocked?

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A

Malo is usually blocked to retain acidity.

20
Q

Choose the correct answer:

The majority of Lambruscos are made using:

  • Carbonation
  • Tank Method
  • Traditional Method
21
Q

Choose the correct answer:

Lambrusco is allowed to be:

  • Frizzante only
  • Spumante only
  • Frizzante or Spumante
Study These Flashcards
A

Frizzante or Spumante

22
Q

Briefly describe the primary and secondary fermentations of a general Lambrusco.

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A
  1. Primary fermentation: low temperatures of 18–20°C (64.4–68°F) to preserve primary fruit aromas
  2. Malo blocked
  3. Secondary fermentation: low temperatures of 12–15°C (53.6–59°F)
    • it takes 2 weeks to ferment for frizzante
    • it takes 4 weeks to ferment for spumante
23
Q

Why aren’t Lambruscos aged sur lie?

Study These Flashcards
A

To retain the primary fruit flavors.

24
Q

Fill in the blanks:

The DOCs of Lambrusco require a minimum ___% abv for spumante and ___% abv for frizzante wines.

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A
  • 11% for spumante
  • 10.5% for frizzante
25
What is the minimum alcohol percent for Amabile or Dolce Lambrusco?
7%
26
How many grams of sugar in Lambrusco Dossagio Zero?
0-3g/L
27
How many grams of sugar in Lambrusco Extra Brut?
0-6g/L
28
How many grams of sugar in Lambrusco Brut?
0-12g/L
29
How many grams of sugar in Lambrusco Extra Dry?
12-17g/L
30
How many grams of sugar in Lambrusco Sec/Secco/Asciutto?
17-32g/L
31
How many grams of sugar in Lambrusco Demi-Sec/Abboccato?
32-50g/L
32
How many grams of sugar in Lambrusco Dolce?
\>50g/L
33
What are the four sweetness categories allowed for Lambrusco Frizzante?
1. Secco/Asciutto 2. Abboccato 3. Amabile 4. Dolce
34
Do dry styles of Lambrusco (Dossagio Zero to Brut) usually see dosage?
No, **most dry styles of Lambrusco don't get a dosage**.
35
Approximately how many bottles of Lambrusco are produced annually? Of that number, what percent is DOC and what percent is IGT?
Approximately **200 million bottles** of Lambrusco are produced annually * **20% is DOC** * **80% is IGT**
36
Of the 200 million bottles of Lambrusco produced annually, **what percent** **stays in Italy** (the home market) and **what percent is exported**?
* About 20% stays in Italy (home market); * About 80% is exported
37
Of the 200 million bottles of Lambrusco produced annually, roughly how much is DOC and roughly how much is IGT?
* 20% is DOC * 80% is IGT
38
How are off-dry to sweet Lambruscos made to get their sweetness?
1. Fermentation stopped at desired sweetness level; 2. Addition of RCGM.
WSET® Level 4 D4 Sparkling Wine
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