Introduction to the Musculoskeletal System Flashcards

Describe the basic organization and components of the musculoskeletal system. (180 cards)

1
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Elevation of mandible

(Elevatio mandibulae)

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2
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Depression of mandible

(Depressio mandibulae)

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3
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Protraction of mandible

(Protractio mandibulae)

Synonyms: Protrusion of mandible
(Protrusio mandibulae)

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4
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Retraction of mandible

(Retractio mandibulae)

Synonyms: Retrusion of mandible
(Retrusio mandibulae)

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5
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Extension of neck

(Extensio colli)

Synonym: (Extensio cervicis)

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6
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Flexion of neck

(Flexio colli)

Synonym: (Flexio cervicis)

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7
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Rotation of head

(Rotatio capitis)

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8
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Lateral flexion of neck

(Flexio lateralis colli)

Synonym: (Flexio lateralis cervicis)

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9
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Extension of vertebral column

(Extensio columnae vertebralis)

Synonyms: Extension of spine
(Extensio spinae)

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10
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Lateral flexion of vertebral column

(Flexio lateralis columnae vertebralis)

Synonyms: Lateral flexion of spine
(Flexio lateralis spinae)

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11
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Rotation of vertebral column

(Rotatio columnae vertebralis)

Synonyms: Rotation of spine
(Rotatio spinae)

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12
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Flexion of vertebral column

(Flexio columnae vertebralis)

Synonyms: Flexion of spine
(Flexio spinae)

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13
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Elevation of scapula

(Elevatio scapulae)

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14
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Depression of scapula

(Depressio scapulae)

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15
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Protraction of scapula

(Protractio scapulae)

Synonym: (Protractio)

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16
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Retraction of scapula

(Retractio scapulae)

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17
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Upward rotation of scapula

(Rotatio superior scapulae)

Synonyms: Superior rotation of scapula
(Rotatio superior)

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18
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Downward rotation of scapula

(Rotatio inferior scapulae)

Synonym: Inferior rotation of scapula

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19
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Extension of arm

(Extensio brachii)

Synonyms: Extension of shoulder joint
(Extensio articulationis glenohumeralis)

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20
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Flexion of arm

(Flexio brachii)

Synonyms: Flexion of shoulder
(Flexio articulationis glenohumeralis)

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21
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Abduction of arm

(Abductio brachii)

Synonyms: Abduction of shoulder joint
(Abductio articulationis glenohumeralis)

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22
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Adduction of arm

(Adductio brachii)

Synonyms: Adduction of shoulder
(Adductio articulationis glenohumeralis)

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23
Q

Identify the movement:

A

External rotation of arm

(Rotatio externa brachii)

Synonyms: Lateral rotation of arm, External rotation of shoulder joint
(Rotatio lateralis brachii, Exorotatio brachii, Rotatio externa articulationis glenohumeralis)

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24
Q

Identify the movement:

A

Internal rotation of arm

(Rotatio interna brachii)

Synonyms: Medial rotation of arm, Internal rotation of shoulder joint
(Rotatio medialis brachii, Endorotatio brachii, Rotatio interna articulationis glenohumeralis)

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25
# Identify the movement:
**Circumduction of arm** | *(Circumductio brachii)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Circumduction of upper limb, Circumduction of shoulder joint *(Circumductio membri superioris, Circumductio articulationis glenohumeralis)*
26
# Identify the movement:
**Flexion of forearm** | *(Flexio antebrachii)* ## Footnote Synonym: Flexion of elbow joint
27
# Identify the movement:
**Extension of forearm** | *(Extensio antebrachii)* ## Footnote Synonym: Extension of elbow joint
28
# Identify the movement:
**Supination of forearm** | *(Supinatio antebrachii)*
29
# Identify the movement:
**Pronation of forearm** | *(Pronatio antebrachii)*
30
# Identify the movement:
**Flexion of hand** | *(Flexio manus)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Flexion of radiocarpal joint, Flexion of wrist joint, Palmar flexion of hand *(Flexio carpi, Flexio articulatio radiocarpalis, Palmarflexio manus)*
31
# Identify the movement:
**Extension of hand** | *(Extensio manus)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Extenstion of radiocarpal joint, Extension of wrist joint, Dorsiflexion of hand *(Extensio carpi, Extensio articulatio radiocarpalis, Dorsiflexio manus)*
32
# Identify the movement:
**Radial flexion of hand** | *(Flexio radialis manus)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Abduction of hand, Radial deviation of hand, Radial abduction of hand, Radial flexion of wrist *(Flexio radialis carpi, Abductio manus, Abductio radialis manus)*
33
# Identify the movement:
**Ulnar flexion of hand** | *(Flexio ulnaris manus)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Adduction of hand, Ulnar deviation of hand, Ulnar abduction of hand, Ulnar flexion of wrist *(Flexio ulnaris carpi, Adductio manus, Abductio ulnaris manus)*
34
# Identify the movement:
**Flexion of thigh** | *(Flexio femoris)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Flexion of hip joint *(Flexio coxae)*
35
# Identify the movement:
**Extension of thigh** | *(Extensio femoris)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Extension of hip joint *(Extensio articulatio coxae)*
36
# Identify the movement:
**Abduction of thigh** | *(Abductio femoris)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Abduction of hip *(Abductio coxae)*
37
# Identify the movement:
**Adduction of thigh** | *(Adductio femoris)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Adduction of hip *(Adductio coxae)*
38
# Identify the movement:
**External rotation of thigh** | *(Rotatio externa femoris)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Lateral rotation of thigh, External rotation of hip *(Rotatio lateralis femoris, Exorotatio femoris, Rotatio externa coxae)*
39
# Identify the movement:
**Internal rotation of thigh** | *(Rotatio interna femoris)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Internal rotation of hip, Medial rotation of thigh *(Rotatio interna coxae, Rotatio medialis femoris, Endorotatio femoris)*
40
# Identify the movement:
**Circumduction of thigh** | *(Circumductio femoris)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Circumduction of hip joint *(Circumductio coxae)*
41
# Identify the movement:
**Flexion of leg** | *(Flexio cruris)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Flexion of knee *(Flexio genus)*
42
# Identify the movement:
**Extension of leg** | *(Extensio cruris)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Extension of knee *(Extensio genus)*
43
# Identify the movement:
**Plantar flexion of foot** | *(Plantarflexio pedis)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Plantar extension of foot *(Plantarextensio pedis)*
44
# Identify the movement:
**Dorsiflexion of foot** | *(Dorsiflexio pedis)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Foot dorsiflexion, Dorsiextension of foot, Foot dorsiextension *(Dorsiextensio pedis)*
45
# Identify the movement:
**Eversion of foot** | *(Eversio pedis)*
46
# Identify the movement:
**Inversion of foot** | *(Inversio pedis)*
47
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Frontal bone** | *(Os frontale)*
48
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Occipital bone** | *(Os occipitale)*
49
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Parietal bone** | *(Os parietale)*
50
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Temporal bone** | *(Os temporale)*
51
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Maxilla** | *(Maxilla)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Os maxillare)*
52
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Atlas** | *(Atlas)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Vertebra C1, 1st cervical vertebrae, C1 *(Vertebra C1, Vertebra cervicalis 1)*
53
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Axis** | *(Axis)* ## Footnote Synonyms: 2nd cervical vertebrae *(Epistropheus, Vertebra C2, Vertebra cervicalis 2, Vertebra dentata)*
54
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Cervical vertebrae** | *(Vertebrae cervicales)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Vertebrae C1-C7 *(Vertebrae C1-C7)*
55
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Thoracic vertebrae** | *(Vertebrae thoracicae)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Vertebrae T1-T12 *(Vertebrae T1-T12)*
56
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Lumbar vertebrae** | *(Vertebrae lumbales)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Vertebrae L1-L5 *(Vertebrae L1-L5)*
57
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Sacrum** | *(Os sacrum)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Vertebrae S1-S5 *(Vertebrae S1-S5, Os sacrale)*
58
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Ribs** | *(Costae)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Ossa costalia)*
59
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Sternum** | *(Sternum)*
60
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Coccyx** | *(Os coccygis)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Coccygeal vertebrae *(Coccyx, Vertebrae coccygeae)*
61
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Pubis** | *(Os pubis)*
62
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Ilium** | *(Os ilium)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Os ilii)*
63
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Ischium** | *(Os ischii)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Os ischium)*
64
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Clavicle** | *(Clavicula)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Clavicular bone *(Os claviculare)*
65
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Scapula** | *(Scapula)*
66
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Humerus** | *(Humerus)*
67
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Radius** | *(Radius)* ## Footnote Synonym: Radial bone
68
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Ulna** | *(Ulna)*
69
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Metacarpal bones** | *(Ossa metacarpi)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Oss metacarpalia, Ossa metacarpea)*
70
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Carpal bones** | *(Ossa carpi)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Ossa carpea, Ossa carpalia)*
71
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Phalanges of hand** | *(Phalanges manus)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Ossa digitorum manus)*
72
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Femur** | *(Os femoris)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Femoral bone, Thigh bone *(Femur)*
73
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Patella** | *(Patella)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Patellar bone *(Os patellare)*
74
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Tibia** | *(Tibia)* ## Footnote Synonym: Tibial bone
75
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Fibula** | *(Fibula)* ## Footnote Synonym: Fibular bone
76
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Tarsal bones** | *(Ossa tarsi)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Ossa tarsea)*
77
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Metatarsal bones** | *(Ossa metatarsi)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Ossa metatarsalia)*
78
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Cuneiform bones** | *(Ossa cuneiformia)*
79
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Phalanges of foot** | *(Phalanges pedis)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Ossa digitorum pedis)*
80
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Epiphysis** | *(Epiphysis)*
81
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Metaphysis** | *(Metaphysis)*
82
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Apophysis** | *(Apophysis)*
83
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Diaphysis** | *(Diaphysis)* ## Footnote Synonym: Shaft
84
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Muscles of facial expression** | *(Musculi faciales)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Facial muscles, Craniofacial muscles, Mimetic muscles *(Musculi faciei)*
85
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Masticatory muscles** | *(Musculi masticatorii)* ## Footnote Synonym: Muscles of mastication
86
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Extraocular muscles** | *(Musculi externi bulbi oculi)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Extrinsic muscles of eyeball, Muscles of orbit *(Musculi orbitae)*
87
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Muscles of tongue** | *(Musculi linguae)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Musculi linguales)*
88
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Pharyngeal muscles** | *(Musculi pharyngis)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Muscle layer of pharynx *(Tunica muscularis pharyngis, Musculi pharyngeales)*
89
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Laryngeal muscles** | *(Musculi laryngis)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Musculi laryngeales)*
90
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Muscles of neck** | *(Musculi colli)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Cervical muscles *(Musculi cervicales)*
91
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Muscles of thorax** | *(Musculi thoracis)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Musculi thoracici)*
92
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Superficial muscles of back** | *(Musculi superficiales dorsi)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Hypaxial muscles of back *(Musculi hypaxiales dorsi)*
93
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Deep muscles of back** | *(Musculi profundi dorsi)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Epaxial muscles, Muscles of back proper, True back muscles, Autochthonous back muscles *(Musculi epaxiales, Musculi dorsi proprii)*
94
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Anterolateral abdominal muscles** | *(Musculi anterolaterales abdominis)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Musculi parietis anterolateralis abdominis)*
95
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Scapulohumeral muscles** | *(Musculi scapulohumerales)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Shoulder muscles *(Musculi cinguli membri superioris)*
96
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Anterior (flexor) muscles of arm** | *(Musculi anteriores (flexores) brachii)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Flexor compartment of arm *(Compartimentum flexorium brachii, Compartimentum anterius brachii)*
97
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Posterior (extensor) muscles of arm** | *(Musculi posteriores brachii)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Extensor compartment of arm *(Musculi extensores brachii, Compartimentum extensorium brachii, Compartimentum posterius brachii)*
98
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Anterior (flexor) muscles of forearm** | *(Musculi flexores antebrachii)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Flexor compartment of forearm, Flexor muscles of forearm, Anterior compartment of forearm, Anterior flexor muscles of forearm *(Compartimentum flexorium antebrachii, Compartimentum anterius antebrachii)*
99
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Posterior (extensor) muscles of forearm** | *(Musculi extensores antebrachii)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Extensor compartment of forearm, Extensor muscles of forearm *(Compartimentum extensorium antebrachii, Compartimentum posterius antebrachii)*
100
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Muscles of hand** | *(Musculi manus)*
101
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Muscles of pelvis** | *(Musculi pelvis)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Musculi pelvici)*
102
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Superficial gluteal muscles** | *(Musculi glutei superficiales)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Musculi gluteales, Musculi glutei)*
103
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Deep gluteal muscles** | *(Musculi glutei profundi)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Inner hip muscles, Lateral rotator muscles of thigh, External rotator muscles of thigh *(Musculi interni coxae, Musculi rotatores laterales femoris, Musculi rotatores externi femoris, Musculi gluteales profundi)*
104
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Anterior muscles of thigh** | *(Musculi anteriores femoris)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Anterior compartment of thigh *(Compartimentum anterior femoris, Compartimentum ventrale femoris)*
105
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Posterior muscles of thigh** | *(Musculi posteriores femoris)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Hamstring muscles *(Musculi ischiocrurales, Compartimentum posterius femoris)*
106
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Medial muscles of thigh** | *(Musculi mediales femoris)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Adductor compartment of thigh, Adductor muscles of the thigh *(Compartimentum mediale femoris, Compartimentum adductorium femoris, Musculi adductores femoris)*
107
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Anterior (extensor) muscles of leg** | *(Musculi anteriores cruris)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Extensor compartment of leg, Anterior compartment of leg *(Compartimentum anterius cruris, Compartimentum extensorium cruris, Musculi extensores cruris)*
108
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Posterior muscles of leg** | *(Musculi posteriores cruris)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Posterior compartment of leg *(Compartimentum flexorium cruris, Compartimentum posterius cruris)*
109
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Lateral muscles of leg** | *(Musculi laterales cruris)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Fibular compartment of leg, Peroneal compartment of leg, Lateral compartment of leg *(Compartimentum laterale cruris, Compartimentum fibulare cruris, Compartimentum peroneum cruris)*
110
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Muscles of foot** | *(Musculi pedis)*
111
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Orbicularis oculi muscle** | *(Musculus orbicularis oculi)* ## Footnote Synonym: Orbicularis oculi
112
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Orbicularis oris muscle** | *(Musculus orbicularis oris)*
113
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Sternocleidomastoid muscle** | *(Musculus sternocleidomastoideus)* ## Footnote Synonym: SCM
114
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Platysma muscle** | *(Musculus platysma)* ## Footnote Synonym: Platysma
115
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Pectoralis major muscle** | *(Musculus pectoralis major)*
116
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Intercostal muscles** | *(Musculi intercostales)*
117
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Serratus anterior muscle** | *(Musculus serratus anterior)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Serratus lateralis muscle, Boxer's muscle *(Musculus serratus lateralis)*
118
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Rectus abdominis muscle** | *(Musculus rectus abdominis)*
119
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Trapezius muscle** | *(Musculus trapezius)*
120
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Erector spinae muscle** | *(Musculus erector spinae)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Sacrospinalis muscle *(Musculus sacrospinalis)*
121
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Latissimus dorsi muscle** | *(Musculus latissimus dorsi)*
122
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Deltoid muscle** | *(Musculus deltoideus)*
123
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Biceps brachii muscle** | *(Musculus biceps brachii)*
124
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Triceps brachii muscle** | *(Musculus triceps brachii)*
125
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Brachioradialis muscle** | *(Musculus brachioradialis)*
126
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle** | *(Musculus flexor digitorum superficialis)*
127
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Dorsal interossei muscles of hand** | *(Musculi interossei dorsales manus)*
128
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Extensor digitorum muscle** | *(Musculus extensor digitorum)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Musculus extensor digitorum communis)*
129
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Gluteus maximus muscle** | *(Musculus gluteus maximus)*
130
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Tensor fasciae latae muscle** | *(Musculus tensor fasciae latae)*
131
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Quadriceps femoris muscle** | *(Musculus quadriceps femoris)*
132
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Biceps femoris muscle** | *(Musculus biceps femoris)*
133
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Adductor magnus muscle** | *(Musculus adductor magnus)*
134
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Tibialis anterior muscle** | *(Musculus tibialis anterior)* ## Footnote Synonym: Anterior tibialis
135
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Dorsal interossei muscles of foot** | *(Musculi interossei dorsales pedis)*
136
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Extensor digitorum longus muscle** | *(Musculus extensor digitorum longus)*
137
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Temporomandibular joint** | *(Articulatio temporomandibularis)* ## Footnote Synonym: TMJ
138
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Zygapophyseal joint** | *(Articulatio zygapophysialis)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Zygapophysial joint, Facet joint *(Junctura zygopophysialis)*
139
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Sternoclavicular joint** | *(Articulatio sternoclavicularis)*
140
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Acromioclavicular joint** | *(Articulatio acromioclavicularis)*
141
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Glenohumeral joint** | *(Articulatio glenohumeralis)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Shoulder joint *(Articulatio humeroscapularis, Articulatio humeri)*
142
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Elbow joint** | *(Articulatio cubiti)*
143
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Radiocarpal joint** | *(Articulatio radiocarpea)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Wrist joint *(Articulatio radiocarpalis)*
144
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Carpometacarpal joints** | *(Articulationes carpometacarpeae)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Articulationes carpometacarpales)*
145
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Metacarpophalangeal joints** | *(Articulationes metacarpophalangeae)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Articulationes metacarpophalangeales)*
146
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Sacroiliac joint** | *(Articulatio sacroiliaca)*
147
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Hip joint** | *(Articulatio coxae)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Acetabulofemoral joint, Hip, Coxal joint *(Articulation coxofemoralis)*
148
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Knee joint** | *(Articulatio genus)*
149
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Ankle joint** | *(Articulatio talocruralis)* ## Footnote Synonym: Talocrural joint
150
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Subtalar joint** | *(Articulatio subtalaris)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Talocalcaneal joint *(Articulatio talocalcanea)*
151
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Interphalangeal joints of foot** | *(Articulationes interphalangeae pedis)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Articulationes interphalangeales pedis)*
152
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Proximal epiphysis** | *(Epiphysis proximalis)*
153
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Distal epiphysis** | *(Epiphysis distalis)*
154
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Articular cartilage** | *(Cartilago articularis)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Articular cartilages, Articular cartilage of a synovial joint, Hyaline cartilage
155
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Epiphysial line** | *(Linea epiphysialis)*
156
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Nutrient canal** | *(Canalis nutricius)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Canalis nutriens)*
157
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Nutrient artery** | *(Arteria nutrica)*
158
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Medullary vessels** | *(Vasa medullaris)*
159
# Identify the highlighted structure.
**Plane joint** | *(Articulatio plana)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Arthrodial joint, Gliding Joint
160
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**Ellipsoid joint** | *(Articulatio ellipsoidea)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Condylar joint, Condyloid joint, Ellipsoidal joint *(Articulatio condylaris)*
161
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**Hinge joint** | *(Ginglymus)*
162
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**Ball and socket joint** | *(Articulatio sphaeroidea)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Spheroidal joint, Cotyloid joint *(Enarthosis, Articulatio cotylica)*
163
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**Pivot joint** | *(Articulatio trochoidea)*
164
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**Saddle joint** | *(Articulatio sellaris)* ## Footnote Synonym: Sellar joint
165
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**Articular disc** | *(Discus articularis)* ## Footnote Synonym: articular disc of synovial joint
166
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**Articular cavity** | *(Cavitas articularis)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Joint cavity, Synovial cavity *(Cavum articulare)*
167
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**Articular capsule** | *(Capsula articularis)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Joint capsule *(Capsula articularis genus)*
168
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**Synovial membrane** | *(Membrana synovialis)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Synovial layer *(Stratum synoviale, Synovium)*
169
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**Accessory ligaments** | *(Ligamenta accessoria)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Supporting ligaments, Reinforcing ligaments
170
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**Fat pad** | *(Corpus adiposum)* ## Footnote Synonym: Fat pad of a synovial joint
171
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**Bursa** | *(Bursa)*
172
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**Masseter muscle** | *(Musculus masseter)*
173
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**Triceps surae muscle** | *(Musculus triceps surae)*
174
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**Mandible** | *(Mandibula)* ## Footnote Synonym: *(Os mandibulare)*
175
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**Spongy bone** | *(Textus osseous spongiosus)* ## Footnote Synonyms: Trabecular bone, Cancellous bone *(Textus osseous trabecularis, Substantia spongiosa ossium)*
176
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**Compact bone** | *(Textus osseous compactus)* ## Footnote Synonym: Cortical bone *(Substantia compacta)*
177
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**Medullary cavity** | *(Cavitas medullaris)*
178
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**Yellow bone marrow** | *(Medulla ossium flava)*
179
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**Periosteum** | *(Periosteum)*
180
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**Tendon** | *(Tendo)*